Under vintersäsongen i Nederländerna och Belgien hålls Sinterklaas (Sankt Nikolaus) sällskap av sin medhjälpare Zwarte Piet (Svarte Petter) under en årlig fest som firas på kvällen den 5:e december eller på morgonen den 6:e december med godis och presenter åt alla snälla barn. Den traditionella högtiden rivaliserar jul i betydelse.
Under senare år har Zwarte Piets roll blivit en del av en återkommande debatt i Nederländerna då vissa medborgare tycker att högtidsdräkter med svartmålade ansikten är stötande. Enligt historien är Sankt Nikolaus medhjälpare morer som hjälper honom att bära presenterna, som tagits med åt barnen, när han ankommer från Spanien via båt.
Traditionen är fortfarande populär, dock har vissa känt sig manade att protestera mot vad de anser vara rasistiskt bildspråk. Den 12:e november arresterades [en] en demonstrant som hade en t-shirt med texten ‘Zwarte Piet is racisme’ (‘Svarte Petter är racism’) i Dordrecht mitt ibland anklagelser om polisbrutalitet [en]. T-shirtkampanjen har en egen Tumblrblogg [ne] med foton, samt en Facebooksida [ne] med fler än 800 anhängare.
Bloggaren hos Stuff Dutch People Like (‘Saker som holländare gillar’) [en] skrev under 2010 om Zwarte Piets tradition:
You know it’s that time of the year again in Holland, when you are greeted by some Dutch person on the street, whose face is painted completely black and is sporting an afro wig, bright red lips and a ridiculous clown-like costume.
Den holländska graffitiartisten och bloggaren BNE lägger upp några bilder på Zwarte Piet och frågar: Är Den Holländska Sinterklaas-högtidens “Svarte Petter”-tradition Rasistisk? [en]:
This “tradition” has evolved throughout the years, partially due to increasing protests from groups that find these depictions offensive. Nowadays, it is claimed that the Black face is due to the fact that the helpers have gone through chimneys and as a result, their faces are covered in soot. What again, nobody can clearly explain, is what kind of soot leaves such a uniform and evenly spread residue. Or worse, why these “chimney dwellers” speak in a fake accent that parodies the Black population of the Dutch former colony of Suriname.
Antropologen och bloggaren Martijn de Koning från CLOSER [en] förklarar i Jolly Black Servant – Tradition and Racism in the Netherlands (‘Glad Svart Tjänare – Tradition och Rasism i Nederländerna’) [:
I dont expect a change in this tradition very soon. It should be clear however that Black Pete is a construction, and invention that has already changed in history. The current tradition has lost many of negative connotations which is partly positive but the negative side is that this makes the racism more hidden. Nevertheless, I think this Dutch tradition lends itself perfectly for teaching young children about racism, colonialism and religion throughout history. Maybe that would be a starting point for some change in the future?
På resehemsidan Off Track Planet svarar Anna Starostinetskaya såhär på frågan Vad F*n är Zwarte Piet? [en]:
So is Pete a children’s tale or a racist figure? We promise no definitive answer exists. We’re not saying this tradition is not objectifying black people in a racist way and it is understandable that Americans have the strongest feelings on the topic because Zwarte Piet is visually too close to what our racist roots look like. But Americans must also realize that our own history drives us to apply what we know about our own racist past on traditions that may not have anything in common but black face paint. Although it may be racist in some way, we cannot just superimpose our own racist history atop another country’s tradition and say it’s the same. Either way, we hope a happy medium exists that doesn’t involve smurfs, midgets or complete Americanization of world traditions.
På bloggen Tiger Beatdown, nedanför Flavias inlägg “Om du protesterar rasism under Svartansiktets säsong i Nederländerna blir du uppklådd och arresterad” [en], upprepar en kommentar skriven av Elfe det som står ovan:
I read your post because I needed to understand why I do not find this tradition racist …The “slaves” or “helpers” are you refer to them are not ridicule: these are pages not clowns and they are wearing nice clothes, they are not parading around half naked with a bone across their nostrils like some savages (or like Josephine Baker and her banana skirt). … Like “Tintin in the Congo” the Zwarte Piets are a reminder of the past. … I know it is very insulting for Blacks in America to see White people with their face painted in black (but it took me to live in the US to understand why: a period when black were not even allowed to play their own role in theater). …Like the rappers who have decided to own the N word we can just ignore this tradition if it annoys us, personally I could not care less. Being African I don’t see the Zwarte Piets as Blacks (they don’t look like me or like any African I know) … To feel insulted by them you really need to have a really poor self-esteem. Sorry for being politically incorrect…
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